diff --git a/3rd/numpy/tests/CMakeLists.txt b/3rd/numpy/CMakeLists.txt
similarity index 51%
rename from 3rd/numpy/tests/CMakeLists.txt
rename to 3rd/numpy/CMakeLists.txt
index 0f66b7fc..a966c3c1 100644
--- a/3rd/numpy/tests/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/3rd/numpy/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,17 +1,13 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
-project(numpy_bindings)
+project(numpy)
 
 # Set C++ standard
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
-set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS ON)
-
-# Add pocketpy as a subdirectory
-add_subdirectory("${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../.." "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/pocketpy")
 
 # Include pybind11 and numpy
-include_directories("${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../../include")
-include_directories("${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../include")
+include_directories("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/../../include")
+include_directories("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/include")
 
 # Control xtensor warnings (OFF by default)
 option(SHOW_XTENSOR_WARNINGS "Show warnings from xtensor" OFF)
@@ -32,14 +28,17 @@ if(NOT SHOW_XTENSOR_WARNINGS)
 endif()
 
 # Add numpy source and test files
-file (GLOB SOURCES "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../src/numpy.cpp")
-file (GLOB TESTS "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/test_numpy.cpp")
+file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/src/*.cpp)
 
-# Create numpy executables
-add_executable(numpy_bindings ${TESTS} ${SOURCES})
+# Create numpy dynamic library
+add_library(${PROJECT_NAME} SHARED ${SOURCES})
 
-# Set VS debugger working directory (if relevant)
-set_property(TARGET ${PROJECT_NAME} PROPERTY VS_DEBUGGER_WORKING_DIRECTORY CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR)
+# Define PY_DYNAMIC_MODULE for numpy
+target_compile_definitions(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE PY_DYNAMIC_MODULE)
 
 # Link numpy with pocketpy
-target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE pocketpy)
\ No newline at end of file
+target_link_libraries(
+    ${PROJECT_NAME}
+    PRIVATE
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/../..//build/Release/pocketpy.lib
+)
diff --git a/3rd/numpy/README.md b/3rd/numpy/README.md
index e869995f..4cd0b2ed 100644
--- a/3rd/numpy/README.md
+++ b/3rd/numpy/README.md
@@ -1,49 +1,6 @@
-# numpy
+# How to build
 
-### How to run **numpy** module programs with **gsoc-2024-dev** [pybind11](https://github.com/pocketpy/gsoc-2024-dev/tree/main/pybind11)
-
-1. Prepare the python code file with the numpy operations you want to run. \
-\
- For example : let's try out numpy [arange](https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html) function in `test_numpy.py`
-```py
-  import numpy_bindings as np
-  
-  def test_arange(n):
-      a = np.arange(n)
-      print(a.sum())
-  
-  test_arange(100)
-  ```
-
-2. Read the script and execute it in `test_numpy.cpp`. 
-```cpp
-  #include <pybind11/embed.h>
-  #include <fstream>
-  #include <sstream>
-  #include <string>
-  
-  namespace py = pybind11;
-  using namespace pybind11;
-  
-  int main() {
-      py::scoped_interpreter guard{};
-      std::ifstream file("test_numpy.py");
-      std::stringstream buffer;
-      buffer << file.rdbuf();
-      std::string script = buffer.str();
-      py::exec(script);
-  
-      return 0;
-  }
 ```
-
-3. Build the project at root to generate the executable at `build/gsoc2024`.
-```sh
-  cmake -B build
-  cmake --build build
-```
-4. Now run the executable to get the output. 
-```sh
-  |base| gsoc-2024-dev ±|main ✗|→ build/gsoc2024 
-  4950
+cmake -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
+cmake --build build --config Release
 ```
diff --git a/3rd/numpy/src/numpy.cpp b/3rd/numpy/src/numpy.cpp
index bc15429e..0271b9f9 100644
--- a/3rd/numpy/src/numpy.cpp
+++ b/3rd/numpy/src/numpy.cpp
@@ -2869,7 +2869,7 @@ void array_creation_registry(py::module_& m) {
 }
 
 
-PYBIND11_EMBEDDED_MODULE(numpy_bindings, m) {
+PYBIND11_MODULE(numpy, m) {
     m.doc() = "Python bindings for pkpy::numpy::ndarray using pybind11";
 
     m.attr("bool_") = "bool";
diff --git a/include/pocketpy/export.h b/include/pocketpy/export.h
index d2a254fb..36f97ae4 100644
--- a/include/pocketpy/export.h
+++ b/include/pocketpy/export.h
@@ -3,8 +3,12 @@
 // clang-format off
 
 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__) || defined(__NT__)
-    //define something for Windows (32-bit and 64-bit, this part is common)
-    #define PK_EXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
+    // define something for Windows (32-bit and 64-bit, this part is common)
+    #ifdef PY_DYNAMIC_MODULE
+        #define PK_EXPORT __declspec(dllimport)
+    #else
+        #define PK_EXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
+    #endif
     #define PY_SYS_PLATFORM     0
     #define PY_SYS_PLATFORM_STRING "win32"
 #elif __EMSCRIPTEN__
diff --git a/include/pocketpy/interpreter/vm.h b/include/pocketpy/interpreter/vm.h
index e1a3882f..6e89513b 100644
--- a/include/pocketpy/interpreter/vm.h
+++ b/include/pocketpy/interpreter/vm.h
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 // 4. stack balance guanrantee
 // 5. stack effect of each opcode
 // 6. py_TypeInfo
-// 7. Direct assignment of py_NIL, py_True, py_False, py_None. They are slow.
 
 typedef struct VM {
     Frame* top_frame;
diff --git a/include/pocketpy/pocketpy.h b/include/pocketpy/pocketpy.h
index 8d5df06e..cb5dbe3f 100644
--- a/include/pocketpy/pocketpy.h
+++ b/include/pocketpy/pocketpy.h
@@ -70,15 +70,6 @@ typedef bool (*py_CFunction)(int argc, py_StackRef argv) PY_RAISE PY_RETURN;
 /// + `SINGLE_MODE`: for REPL or jupyter notebook execution.
 enum py_CompileMode { EXEC_MODE, EVAL_MODE, SINGLE_MODE };
 
-/// A shorthand for `True`.
-PK_EXPORT extern py_GlobalRef py_True;
-/// A shorthand for `False`.
-PK_EXPORT extern py_GlobalRef py_False;
-/// A shorthand for `None`.
-PK_EXPORT extern py_GlobalRef py_None;
-/// A shorthand for `nil`. `nil` is not a valid python object.
-PK_EXPORT extern py_GlobalRef py_NIL;
-
 /************* Global Setup *************/
 
 /// Initialize pocketpy and the default VM.
@@ -145,6 +136,15 @@ PK_EXPORT void py_newlocals(py_OutRef);
 
 /************* Values Creation *************/
 
+/// A shorthand for `True`.
+PK_EXPORT py_GlobalRef py_True();
+/// A shorthand for `False`.
+PK_EXPORT py_GlobalRef py_False();
+/// A shorthand for `None`.
+PK_EXPORT py_GlobalRef py_None();
+/// A shorthand for `nil`. `nil` is not a valid python object.
+PK_EXPORT py_GlobalRef py_NIL();
+
 /// Create an `int` object.
 PK_EXPORT void py_newint(py_OutRef, py_i64);
 /// Create a `float` object.
diff --git a/include/pybind11/internal/types.h b/include/pybind11/internal/types.h
index 2ef49f25..d5354824 100644
--- a/include/pybind11/internal/types.h
+++ b/include/pybind11/internal/types.h
@@ -51,14 +51,14 @@ class none : public object {
     PKBIND_TYPE_IMPL(object, none, tp_NoneType);
 
     // note: none is global instance, so we use ref_t.
-    none() : object(py_None, ref_t{}) {}
+    none() : object(py_None(), ref_t{}) {}
 };
 
 class bool_ : public object {
     PKBIND_TYPE_IMPL(object, bool_, tp_bool);
 
     // same as none, bool is a singleton.
-    bool_(bool value) : object(value ? py_True : py_False, ref_t{}) {}
+    bool_(bool value) : object(value ? py_True() : py_False(), ref_t{}) {}
 
     explicit operator bool () { return py_tobool(ptr()); }
 };
diff --git a/src/interpreter/dll.c b/src/interpreter/dll.c
index c60b8ec2..4c2fc990 100644
--- a/src/interpreter/dll.c
+++ b/src/interpreter/dll.c
@@ -22,7 +22,10 @@ int load_module_from_dll_desktop_only(const char* path) PY_RAISE PY_RETURN {
     if(dll == NULL) return 0;
     py_module_initialize_t f_init = (py_module_initialize_t)dlsym(dll, f_init_name);
 #endif
-    if(f_init == NULL) return 0;
+    if(f_init == NULL) {
+        RuntimeError("%s() not found in '%s'", f_init_name, path);
+        return -1;
+    }
     bool success = f_init();
     if(!success) return -1;
     return 1;
diff --git a/src/interpreter/vm.c b/src/interpreter/vm.c
index fed282c8..14d539d8 100644
--- a/src/interpreter/vm.c
+++ b/src/interpreter/vm.c
@@ -52,23 +52,23 @@ static void py_TypeInfo__ctor(py_TypeInfo* self,
     };
 
     self->module = module;
-    self->annotations = *py_NIL;
+    self->annotations = *py_NIL();
 }
 
 void VM__ctor(VM* self) {
     self->top_frame = NULL;
 
-    ModuleDict__ctor(&self->modules, NULL, *py_NIL);
+    ModuleDict__ctor(&self->modules, NULL, *py_NIL());
     TypeList__ctor(&self->types);
 
-    self->builtins = *py_NIL;
-    self->main = *py_NIL;
+    self->builtins = *py_NIL();
+    self->main = *py_NIL();
 
     self->callbacks.importfile = pk_default_importfile;
     self->callbacks.print = pk_default_print;
 
-    self->last_retval = *py_NIL;
-    self->curr_exception = *py_NIL;
+    self->last_retval = *py_NIL();
+    self->curr_exception = *py_NIL();
     self->is_curr_exc_handled = false;
 
     self->ctx = NULL;
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ py_Type pk_newtype(const char* name,
     if(base_ti && base_ti->is_sealed) {
         c11__abort("type '%s' is not an acceptable base type", py_name2str(base_ti->name));
     }
-    py_TypeInfo__ctor(ti, py_name(name), index, base, base_ti, module ? *module : *py_NIL);
+    py_TypeInfo__ctor(ti, py_name(name), index, base, base_ti, module ? *module : *py_NIL());
     if(!dtor && base) dtor = base_ti->dtor;
     ti->dtor = dtor;
     ti->is_python = is_python;
diff --git a/src/modules/array2d.c b/src/modules/array2d.c
index cf595440..6502cf99 100644
--- a/src/modules/array2d.c
+++ b/src/modules/array2d.c
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ static bool array2d_get(int argc, py_Ref argv) {
     PY_CHECK_ARG_TYPE(1, tp_int);
     PY_CHECK_ARG_TYPE(2, tp_int);
     if(argc == 3) {
-        default_ = py_None;
+        default_ = py_None();
     } else if(argc == 4) {
         default_ = py_arg(3);
     } else {
diff --git a/src/modules/json.c b/src/modules/json.c
index 55152435..c3fdab68 100644
--- a/src/modules/json.c
+++ b/src/modules/json.c
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ static bool json_dumps(int argc, py_Ref argv) {
 void pk__add_module_json() {
     py_Ref mod = py_newmodule("json");
 
-    py_setdict(mod, py_name("null"), py_None);
-    py_setdict(mod, py_name("true"), py_True);
-    py_setdict(mod, py_name("false"), py_False);
+    py_setdict(mod, py_name("null"), py_None());
+    py_setdict(mod, py_name("true"), py_True());
+    py_setdict(mod, py_name("false"), py_False());
 
     py_bindfunc(mod, "loads", json_loads);
     py_bindfunc(mod, "dumps", json_dumps);
diff --git a/src/objects/codeobject.c b/src/objects/codeobject.c
index 8a39eba9..28842f33 100644
--- a/src/objects/codeobject.c
+++ b/src/objects/codeobject.c
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ void CodeObject__dtor(CodeObject* self) {
 void Function__ctor(Function* self, FuncDecl_ decl, py_TValue* module) {
     PK_INCREF(decl);
     self->decl = decl;
-    self->module = module ? *module : *py_NIL;
+    self->module = module ? *module : *py_NIL();
     self->clazz = NULL;
     self->closure = NULL;
     self->cfunc = NULL;
diff --git a/src/public/internal.c b/src/public/internal.c
index fe7ab656..64bae2b4 100644
--- a/src/public/internal.c
+++ b/src/public/internal.c
@@ -11,13 +11,9 @@
 
 VM* pk_current_vm;
 
-py_GlobalRef py_True;
-py_GlobalRef py_False;
-py_GlobalRef py_None;
-py_GlobalRef py_NIL;
-
 static VM pk_default_vm;
 static VM* pk_all_vm[16];
+static py_TValue _True, _False, _None, _NIL;
 
 void py_initialize() {
     if(pk_current_vm){
@@ -30,18 +26,18 @@ void py_initialize() {
     pk_current_vm = pk_all_vm[0] = &pk_default_vm;
 
     // initialize some convenient references
-    static py_TValue _True, _False, _None, _NIL;
     py_newbool(&_True, true);
     py_newbool(&_False, false);
     py_newnone(&_None);
     py_newnil(&_NIL);
-    py_True = &_True;
-    py_False = &_False;
-    py_None = &_None;
-    py_NIL = &_NIL;
     VM__ctor(&pk_default_vm);
 }
 
+py_GlobalRef py_True() { return &_True; }
+py_GlobalRef py_False() { return &_False; }
+py_GlobalRef py_None() { return &_None; }
+py_GlobalRef py_NIL() { return &_NIL; }
+
 void py_finalize() {
     for(int i = 1; i < 16; i++) {
         VM* vm = pk_all_vm[i];
@@ -169,7 +165,7 @@ bool pk_loadmethod(py_StackRef self, py_Name name) {
         py_Ref cls_var = py_tpfindmagic(py_totype(self), name);
         if(cls_var) {
             self[0] = *cls_var;
-            self[1] = *py_NIL;
+            self[1] = *py_NIL();
             return true;
         }
         return false;
@@ -197,7 +193,7 @@ bool pk_loadmethod(py_StackRef self, py_Name name) {
             }
             case tp_staticmethod:
                 self[0] = *py_getslot(cls_var, 0);
-                self[1] = *py_NIL;
+                self[1] = *py_NIL();
                 break;
             case tp_classmethod:
                 self[0] = *py_getslot(cls_var, 0);
diff --git a/src/public/modules.c b/src/public/modules.c
index 6be8c503..aa57ba42 100644
--- a/src/public/modules.c
+++ b/src/public/modules.c
@@ -676,11 +676,11 @@ py_TValue pk_builtins__register() {
 
     // some patches
     py_bindmagic(tp_NoneType, __repr__, NoneType__repr__);
-    *py_tpgetmagic(tp_NoneType, __hash__) = *py_None;
+    *py_tpgetmagic(tp_NoneType, __hash__) = *py_None();
     py_bindmagic(tp_ellipsis, __repr__, ellipsis__repr__);
-    *py_tpgetmagic(tp_ellipsis, __hash__) = *py_None;
+    *py_tpgetmagic(tp_ellipsis, __hash__) = *py_None();
     py_bindmagic(tp_NotImplementedType, __repr__, NotImplementedType__repr__);
-    *py_tpgetmagic(tp_NotImplementedType, __hash__) = *py_None;
+    *py_tpgetmagic(tp_NotImplementedType, __hash__) = *py_None();
     return *builtins;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/public/py_dict.c b/src/public/py_dict.c
index 62d7cf12..04619000 100644
--- a/src/public/py_dict.c
+++ b/src/public/py_dict.c
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ static bool dict_update(int argc, py_Ref argv) {
 static bool dict_get(int argc, py_Ref argv) {
     Dict* self = py_touserdata(argv);
     if(argc > 3) return TypeError("get() takes at most 3 arguments (%d given)", argc);
-    py_Ref default_val = argc == 3 ? py_arg(2) : py_None;
+    py_Ref default_val = argc == 3 ? py_arg(2) : py_None();
     DictEntry* entry;
     if(!Dict__try_get(self, py_arg(1), &entry)) return false;
     *py_retval() = entry ? entry->val : *default_val;
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ static bool dict_get(int argc, py_Ref argv) {
 static bool dict_pop(int argc, py_Ref argv) {
     Dict* self = py_touserdata(argv);
     if(argc < 2 || argc > 3) return TypeError("pop() takes 1 or 2 arguments (%d given)", argc - 1);
-    py_Ref default_val = argc == 3 ? py_arg(2) : py_None;
+    py_Ref default_val = argc == 3 ? py_arg(2) : py_None();
     int res = Dict__pop(self, py_arg(1));
     if(res == -1) return false;
     if(res == 0) { py_assign(py_retval(), default_val); }
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ py_Type pk_dict__register() {
     py_bindmethod(type, "keys", dict_keys);
     py_bindmethod(type, "values", dict_values);
 
-    py_setdict(py_tpobject(type), __hash__, py_None);
+    py_setdict(py_tpobject(type), __hash__, py_None());
     return type;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/public/py_exception.c b/src/public/py_exception.c
index 9985bba0..784085d2 100644
--- a/src/public/py_exception.c
+++ b/src/public/py_exception.c
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ bool py_matchexc(py_Type type) {
 
 void py_clearexc(py_StackRef p0) {
     VM* vm = pk_current_vm;
-    vm->last_retval = *py_NIL;
-    vm->curr_exception = *py_NIL;
+    vm->last_retval = *py_NIL();
+    vm->curr_exception = *py_NIL();
     vm->is_curr_exc_handled = false;
 
     /* Don't clear this, because StopIteration() may corrupt the class defination */
diff --git a/src/public/py_list.c b/src/public/py_list.c
index 2dafd0fb..f8489042 100644
--- a/src/public/py_list.c
+++ b/src/public/py_list.c
@@ -444,6 +444,6 @@ py_Type pk_list__register() {
 
     py_bind(py_tpobject(type), "sort(self, key=None, reverse=False)", list_sort);
 
-    py_setdict(py_tpobject(type), __hash__, py_None);
+    py_setdict(py_tpobject(type), __hash__, py_None());
     return type;
 }
diff --git a/src/public/py_property.c b/src/public/py_property.c
index 0f93f78c..f0e1a151 100644
--- a/src/public/py_property.c
+++ b/src/public/py_property.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ static bool property__new__(int argc, py_Ref argv) {
     py_newobject(py_retval(), tp_property, 2, 0);
     if(argc == 1 + 1) {
         py_setslot(py_retval(), 0, py_arg(1));
-        py_setslot(py_retval(), 1, py_None);
+        py_setslot(py_retval(), 1, py_None());
     } else if(argc == 1 + 2) {
         py_setslot(py_retval(), 0, py_arg(1));
         py_setslot(py_retval(), 1, py_arg(2));
diff --git a/src/public/py_slice.c b/src/public/py_slice.c
index 66c8110b..de96f24e 100644
--- a/src/public/py_slice.c
+++ b/src/public/py_slice.c
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ py_Type pk_slice__register() {
     py_bindmagic(type, __eq__, slice__eq__);
     py_bindmagic(type, __ne__, slice__ne__);
 
-    py_setdict(py_tpobject(type), __hash__, py_None);
+    py_setdict(py_tpobject(type), __hash__, py_None());
 
     py_bindproperty(type, "start", slice_start, NULL);
     py_bindproperty(type, "stop", slice_stop, NULL);
diff --git a/src/public/stack_ops.c b/src/public/stack_ops.c
index cd656758..ff84bc48 100644
--- a/src/public/stack_ops.c
+++ b/src/public/stack_ops.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ void py_setdict(py_Ref self, py_Name name, py_Ref val) {
 }
 
 py_ItemRef py_emplacedict(py_Ref self, py_Name name){
-    py_setdict(self, name, py_NIL);
+    py_setdict(self, name, py_NIL());
     return py_getdict(self, name);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/public/values.c b/src/public/values.c
index 84b00015..20baf8d8 100644
--- a/src/public/values.c
+++ b/src/public/values.c
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ void py_bindproperty(py_Type type, const char* name, py_CFunction getter, py_CFu
     if(setter) {
         py_newnativefunc(py_getslot(&tmp, 1), setter);
     } else {
-        py_setslot(&tmp, 1, py_None);
+        py_setslot(&tmp, 1, py_None());
     }
     py_setdict(py_tpobject(type), py_name(name), &tmp);
 }