diff --git a/include/pocketpy/interpreter/vm.h b/include/pocketpy/interpreter/vm.h
index f801c3c9..3ef1ddd3 100644
--- a/include/pocketpy/interpreter/vm.h
+++ b/include/pocketpy/interpreter/vm.h
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ void pk_number__register();
 py_Type pk_str__register();
 py_Type pk_str_iterator__register();
 py_Type pk_bytes__register();
+py_Type pk_dict__register();
 py_Type pk_list__register();
 py_Type pk_tuple__register();
 py_Type pk_array_iterator__register();
diff --git a/include/pocketpy/pocketpy.h b/include/pocketpy/pocketpy.h
index 31fb5850..04f7b10c 100644
--- a/include/pocketpy/pocketpy.h
+++ b/include/pocketpy/pocketpy.h
@@ -87,7 +87,6 @@ bool py_ismagicname(py_Name);
 
 // opaque types
 void py_newdict(py_Ref);
-void py_newset(py_Ref);
 void py_newslice(py_Ref);
 // old style argc-based function
 void py_newnativefunc(py_Ref out, py_CFunction);
diff --git a/src/interpreter/ceval.c b/src/interpreter/ceval.c
index 021b5930..dc340698 100644
--- a/src/interpreter/ceval.c
+++ b/src/interpreter/ceval.c
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ pk_FrameResult pk_VM__run_top_frame(pk_VM* self) {
                     } else {
                         INSERT_THIRD();     // [?, a, b]
                         *THIRD() = *magic;  // [__getitem__, a, b]
-                        vectorcall_opcall(1, 0);
+                        if(!py_vectorcall(1, 0)) goto __ERROR;
                     }
                     DISPATCH();
                 }
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ pk_FrameResult pk_VM__run_top_frame(pk_VM* self) {
                         *TOP() = self->last_retval;
                     } else {
                         *FOURTH() = *magic;  // [__selitem__, a, b, val]
-                        vectorcall_opcall(2, 0);
+                        if(!py_vectorcall(2, 0)) goto __ERROR;
                         POP();  // discard retval
                     }
                     DISPATCH();
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ pk_FrameResult pk_VM__run_top_frame(pk_VM* self) {
                     } else {
                         INSERT_THIRD();     // [?, a, b]
                         *THIRD() = *magic;  // [__delitem__, a, b]
-                        vectorcall_opcall(1, 0);
+                        if(!py_vectorcall(1, 0)) goto __ERROR;
                         POP();  // discard retval
                     }
                     DISPATCH();
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ pk_FrameResult pk_VM__run_top_frame(pk_VM* self) {
                 py_newnil(SP()++);        // [complex, NULL]
                 py_newint(SP()++, 0);     // [complex, NULL, 0]
                 *SP()++ = tmp;            // [complex, NULL, 0, x]
-                vectorcall_opcall(2, 0);  // [complex(x)]
+                if(!py_vectorcall(2, 0)) goto __ERROR;
                 DISPATCH();
             }
             case OP_BUILD_BYTES: {
@@ -472,14 +472,19 @@ pk_FrameResult pk_VM__run_top_frame(pk_VM* self) {
             }
             case OP_BUILD_SET: {
                 py_TValue* begin = SP() - byte.arg;
-                py_Ref tmp = py_pushtmp();
-                py_newset(tmp);
+                py_Ref typeobject_set = py_getdict(&self->builtins, py_name("set"));
+                assert(typeobject_set != NULL);
+                py_push(typeobject_set);
+                py_pushnil();
+                if(!py_vectorcall(0, 0)) goto __ERROR;
+                py_push(py_retval());   // empty set
                 py_Name id_add = py_name("add");
                 for(int i = 0; i < byte.arg; i++) {
-                    if(!py_callmethod(tmp, id_add, 1, begin + i)) goto __ERROR;
+                    if(!py_callmethod(TOP(), id_add, 1, begin + i)) goto __ERROR;
                 }
+                py_TValue tmp = *TOP();
                 SP() = begin;
-                PUSH(tmp);
+                PUSH(&tmp);
                 DISPATCH();
             }
             case OP_BUILD_SLICE: {
@@ -536,7 +541,7 @@ pk_FrameResult pk_VM__run_top_frame(pk_VM* self) {
                     } else {
                         INSERT_THIRD();     // [?, b, a]
                         *THIRD() = *magic;  // [__contains__, a, b]
-                        vectorcall_opcall(1, 0);
+                        if(!py_vectorcall(1, 0)) goto __ERROR;
                     }
                     bool res = py_tobool(TOP());
                     if(byte.arg) py_newbool(TOP(), !res);
diff --git a/src/interpreter/vm.c b/src/interpreter/vm.c
index b2febc94..272bf1a4 100644
--- a/src/interpreter/vm.c
+++ b/src/interpreter/vm.c
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ void pk_VM__ctor(pk_VM* self) {
     validate(tp_bytes, pk_bytes__register());
     validate(tp_mappingproxy, pk_newtype("mappingproxy", tp_object, NULL, NULL, false, true));
 
-    validate(tp_dict, pk_newtype("dict", tp_object, NULL, NULL, false, false));
+    validate(tp_dict, pk_dict__register());
     validate(tp_property, pk_newtype("property", tp_object, NULL, NULL, false, true));
     validate(tp_star_wrapper, pk_newtype("star_wrapper", tp_object, NULL, NULL, false, true));
 
diff --git a/src/public/py_dict.c b/src/public/py_dict.c
index b4e2c5f3..f02310a6 100644
--- a/src/public/py_dict.c
+++ b/src/public/py_dict.c
@@ -4,10 +4,102 @@
 #include "pocketpy/objects/object.h"
 #include "pocketpy/interpreter/vm.h"
 
-void py_newdict(py_Ref out){
+typedef struct {
+    py_TValue key;
+    py_TValue val;
+} DictEntry;
+
+typedef struct {
+    int length;
+    int capacity;
+    int* indices;
+    c11_vector /*T=DictEntry*/ entries;
+} Dict;
+
+static void Dict__ctor(Dict* self) {
+    self->length = 0;
+    self->capacity = 16;
+    self->indices = malloc(self->capacity * sizeof(int));
+    memset(self->indices, -1, self->capacity * sizeof(int));
+    c11_vector__ctor(&self->entries, sizeof(DictEntry));
+}
+
+static void Dict__dtor(Dict* self) {
+    self->length = 0;
+    self->capacity = 0;
+    free(self->indices);
+    c11_vector__dtor(&self->entries);
+}
+
+static bool Dict__probe(Dict* self, py_Ref key, DictEntry* out) {
+    py_i64 hash;
+    if(!py_hash(key, &hash)) return false;
+    int mask = self->capacity - 1;
+    for(int idx = hash & mask;; idx = (idx + 1) & mask) {
+        int idx2 = self->indices[idx];
+        DictEntry* slot = c11__at(DictEntry, &self->entries, idx2);
+        if(slot){
+            int res = py_eq(key, &slot->key);
+            if(res == -1) return false;
+            return res;
+        }else{
+            
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static bool _py_dict__new__(int argc, py_Ref argv) {
+    py_newdict(py_retval());
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool _py_dict__getitem__(int argc, py_Ref argv){
+    PY_CHECK_ARGC(2);
+    py_i64 hash;
+    if(!py_hash(py_arg(1), &hash)) return false;
+    Dict* self = py_touserdata(argv);
 
 }
 
-void py_newset(py_Ref out){
-    
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+static bool _py_dict__setitem__(int argc, py_Ref argv){
+    PY_CHECK_ARGC(3);
+    py_i64 hash;
+    if(!py_hash(py_arg(1), &hash)) return false;
+}
+
+static bool _py_dict__delitem__(int argc, py_Ref argv){
+    PY_CHECK_ARGC(2);
+    py_i64 hash;
+    if(!py_hash(py_arg(1), &hash)) return false;
+}
+
+static bool _py_dict__contains__(int argc, py_Ref argv){
+    PY_CHECK_ARGC(2);
+    py_i64 hash;
+    if(!py_hash(py_arg(1), &hash)) return false;
+}
+
+static bool _py_dict__len__(int argc, py_Ref argv){
+    PY_CHECK_ARGC(1);
+    Dict* self = py_touserdata(argv);
+    py_newint(py_retval(), self->length);
+    return true;
+}
+
+py_Type pk_dict__register() {
+    py_Type type = pk_newtype("dict", tp_object, NULL, (void (*)(void*))Dict__dtor, false, false);
+
+    py_bindmagic(type, __new__, _py_dict__new__);
+    // py_bindmagic(type, __init__, _py_dict__init__);
+    py_bindmagic(type, __getitem__, _py_dict__getitem__);
+    py_bindmagic(type, __setitem__, _py_dict__setitem__);
+    py_bindmagic(type, __delitem__, _py_dict__delitem__);
+    py_bindmagic(type, __contains__, _py_dict__contains__);
+    py_bindmagic(type, __len__, _py_dict__len__);
+    return type;
+}
+
+void py_newdict(py_Ref out) {
+    Dict* ud = py_newobject(out, tp_dict, 0, sizeof(Dict));
+    Dict__ctor(ud);
+}
diff --git a/src/public/py_list.c b/src/public/py_list.c
index be12da42..671bf6f4 100644
--- a/src/public/py_list.c
+++ b/src/public/py_list.c
@@ -8,13 +8,8 @@
 typedef c11_vector List;
 
 void py_newlist(py_Ref out) {
-    pk_VM* vm = pk_current_vm;
-    PyObject* obj = pk_ManagedHeap__gcnew(&vm->heap, tp_list, 0, sizeof(List));
-    List* userdata = PyObject__userdata(obj);
-    c11_vector__ctor(userdata, sizeof(py_TValue));
-    out->type = tp_list;
-    out->is_ptr = true;
-    out->_obj = obj;
+    List* ud = py_newobject(out, tp_list, 0, sizeof(List));
+    c11_vector__ctor(ud, sizeof(py_TValue));
 }
 
 void py_newlistn(py_Ref out, int n) {