diff --git a/python/functools.py b/python/functools.py
index a847efc1..4aa96831 100644
--- a/python/functools.py
+++ b/python/functools.py
@@ -1,9 +1,19 @@
-def cache(f):
-    def wrapper(*args):
-        if not hasattr(f, '__cache__'):
-            f.__cache__ = {}
-        key = args
-        if key not in f.__cache__:
-            f.__cache__[key] = f(*args)
-        return f.__cache__[key]
-    return wrapper
\ No newline at end of file
+# def cache(f):
+#     def wrapper(*args):
+#         if not hasattr(f, '__cache__'):
+#             f.__cache__ = {}
+#         key = args
+#         if key not in f.__cache__:
+#             f.__cache__[key] = f(*args)
+#         return f.__cache__[key]
+#     return wrapper
+
+class cache:
+    def __init__(self, f):
+        self.f = f
+        self.cache = {}
+
+    def __call__(self, *args):
+        if args not in self.cache:
+            self.cache[args] = self.f(*args)
+        return self.cache[args]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/typing.py b/python/typing.py
index 59f7dcb0..f553b032 100644
--- a/python/typing.py
+++ b/python/typing.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class Placeholder:
+class _Placeholder:
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         pass
     def __getitem__(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ class Placeholder:
         return self
     
 
-_PLACEHOLDER = Placeholder()
+_PLACEHOLDER = _Placeholder()
 
 List = _PLACEHOLDER
 Dict = _PLACEHOLDER