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<span class="dark:text-white font-bold line-clamp-1 md:line-clamp-2">pocketpy</span>
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<a class="py-2 md:mb-0 inline-flex items-center text-sm whitespace-nowrap transition-colors duration-200 ease-linear md:text-header-text font-header-text hover:text-header-text-hover" href="https://pocketpy.dev/static/web/" target="_blank">
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<span>Live Demo</span>
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<a class="py-2 md:mb-0 inline-flex items-center text-sm whitespace-nowrap transition-colors duration-200 ease-linear md:text-header-text font-header-text hover:text-header-text-hover" href="https://pocketpy.github.io/examples/" target="_blank">
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<span>Live Examples</span>
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<a class="py-2 md:mb-0 inline-flex items-center text-sm whitespace-nowrap transition-colors duration-200 ease-linear md:text-header-text font-header-text hover:text-header-text-hover" href="https://github.com/blueloveth/pocketpy" target="_blank">
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<a class="block py-1 inline-flex items-center text-sm whitespace-nowrap transition-colors duration-200 ease-linear md:text-header-text font-header-text hover:text-header-text-hover" href="https://pocketpy.dev/static/web/" target="_blank">
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<path d="M9.5 15.584V8.416a.5.5 0 0 1 .77-.42l5.576 3.583a.5.5 0 0 1 0 .842l-5.576 3.584a.5.5 0 0 1-.77-.42Z"/><path d="M1 12C1 5.925 5.925 1 12 1s11 4.925 11 11-4.925 11-11 11S1 18.075 1 12Zm11-9.5A9.5 9.5 0 0 0 2.5 12a9.5 9.5 0 0 0 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 0 0 0 9.5-9.5A9.5 9.5 0 0 0 12 2.5Z"/>
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<span>Live Demo</span>
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<a class="block py-1 inline-flex items-center text-sm whitespace-nowrap transition-colors duration-200 ease-linear md:text-header-text font-header-text hover:text-header-text-hover" href="https://pocketpy.github.io/examples/" target="_blank">
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<span>Live Examples</span>
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<a class="block py-1 inline-flex items-center text-sm whitespace-nowrap transition-colors duration-200 ease-linear md:text-header-text font-header-text hover:text-header-text-hover" href="https://github.com/blueloveth/pocketpy" target="_blank">
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<path d="M10.303 16.652c-2.837-.344-4.835-2.385-4.835-5.028 0-1.074.387-2.235 1.031-3.008-.279-.709-.236-2.214.086-2.837.86-.107 2.02.344 2.708.967.816-.258 1.676-.386 2.728-.386 1.053 0 1.913.128 2.686.365.666-.602 1.848-1.053 2.708-.946.3.581.344 2.085.064 2.815.688.817 1.053 1.913 1.053 3.03 0 2.643-1.998 4.641-4.877 5.006.73.473 1.224 1.504 1.224 2.686v2.235c0 .644.537 1.01 1.182.752 3.889-1.483 6.94-5.372 6.94-10.185 0-6.081-4.942-11.044-11.022-11.044-6.081 0-10.98 4.963-10.98 11.044a10.84 10.84 0 0 0 7.112 10.206c.58.215 1.139-.172 1.139-.752v-1.719a2.768 2.768 0 0 1-1.032.215c-1.418 0-2.256-.773-2.857-2.213-.237-.58-.495-.924-.989-.988-.258-.022-.344-.129-.344-.258 0-.258.43-.451.86-.451.623 0 1.16.386 1.719 1.181.43.623.881.903 1.418.903.537 0 .881-.194 1.375-.688.365-.365.645-.687.903-.902Z"/>
|
||
</g>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
<span>Github</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="mr-6">
|
||
<a class="block py-1 inline-flex items-center text-sm whitespace-nowrap transition-colors duration-200 ease-linear md:text-header-text font-header-text hover:text-header-text-hover" href="https://discord.gg/WWaq72GzXv" target="_blank">
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</g>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
<span>Discord</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
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||
</div>
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<a class="flex items-center justify-center flex-nowrap h-16 text-gray-350 dark:text-dark-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-dark-300 transition-colors duration-150 ease-in docs-powered-by" target="_blank" href="https://retype.com/" rel="noopener">
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<div id="retype-main" class="min-w-0 p-4 grow md:px-16">
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<main class="relative pb-12 lg:pt-2">
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<div class="retype-markdown" id="retype-content">
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||
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||
<div id="retype-sidebar-right-toggle"></div>
|
||
<!-- Page content -->
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="coding-style-guide" class="break-words">
|
||
<h1>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#coding-style-guide">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Coding Style Guide</span>
|
||
</h1>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="indentation">
|
||
<h2>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#indentation">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Indentation</span>
|
||
</h2>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<p>Use four spaces for indentation. Do not use <code translate="no" v-pre>TAB</code>.</p>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="strings">
|
||
<h2>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#strings">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Strings</span>
|
||
</h2>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<div class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
|
||
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python"># Prefer single quotes for strings
|
||
s = 'this is a string'
|
||
|
||
# Use double quotes only if the string itself contains a single quote
|
||
s = "this ' is single quote"</code></pre>
|
||
</doc-codeblock></div>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="docstrings">
|
||
<h2>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#docstrings">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Docstrings</span>
|
||
</h2>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<p>Always use triple quotes for docstrings.</p>
|
||
<div class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
|
||
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python">def f():
|
||
"""This is a multi-line docstring.
|
||
|
||
Here is some content. Docstrings partially support Markdown.
|
||
"""
|
||
|
||
def g():
|
||
"""This is a single-line docstring."""</code></pre>
|
||
</doc-codeblock></div>
|
||
<p>Use natural language to describe the function's purpose. Do not enumerate each parameter and return value.</p>
|
||
<div class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
|
||
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python"># Correct
|
||
def add(a: int, b: int):
|
||
"""Add two integers `a` and `b`."""
|
||
|
||
# Incorrect
|
||
def add(a: int, b: int):
|
||
"""
|
||
@param a, the first argument
|
||
@param b, the second argument
|
||
@return, the result of a + b
|
||
"""</code></pre>
|
||
</doc-codeblock></div>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="spaces">
|
||
<h2>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#spaces">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Spaces</span>
|
||
</h2>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<div class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
|
||
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python"># Add a space after `,` or `:`
|
||
a, b = 1, 2
|
||
c = [1, 2, 3]
|
||
d = {'key': 'value'}
|
||
|
||
# Spaces may be added around operators
|
||
res = 1 + 2
|
||
if res < 2: pass
|
||
# Spaces can also be selectively added to indicate operator precedence
|
||
x = x * 2 - 1
|
||
hypot2 = x * x + y * y
|
||
c = (a + b) * (a - b)
|
||
|
||
# Add a space after `:` in type annotations
|
||
def f(a: int, b: float): ...
|
||
def g() -> int: ...
|
||
|
||
# Add spaces around `=` when specifying default values in function parameters
|
||
def f(a: int = 1, b: int | None = None): ...
|
||
# However, omit spaces if the parameter has no type annotation
|
||
def f(a=1, b=2): pass
|
||
|
||
# Do not add spaces in keyword arguments when calling functions
|
||
print(1, 2, 3, end='', sep=',')
|
||
f(a=10, b=20)</code></pre>
|
||
</doc-codeblock></div>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="naming-conventions">
|
||
<h2>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#naming-conventions">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Naming Conventions</span>
|
||
</h2>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Classes: <code translate="no" v-pre>CapitalizedWords</code></li>
|
||
<li>Functions and variables: <code translate="no" v-pre>lower_case_with_underscores</code></li>
|
||
<li>Constants and enums: <code translate="no" v-pre>UPPER_CASE_WITH_UNDERSCORES</code> or <code translate="no" v-pre>CapitalizedWords</code></li>
|
||
<li>Anonymous ordered variables: <code translate="no" v-pre>_0</code>, <code translate="no" v-pre>_1</code>, <code translate="no" v-pre>_2</code></li>
|
||
<li>Discarded variables: <code translate="no" v-pre>_</code></li>
|
||
<li>Some standard library functions: <code translate="no" v-pre>lowercase</code></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Here are some commonly used naming conventions:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code translate="no" v-pre>self</code>: The first parameter of an instance method</li>
|
||
<li><code translate="no" v-pre>cls</code>: The first parameter of class methods and <code translate="no" v-pre>__new__</code></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="using-abbreviations">
|
||
<h3>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#using-abbreviations">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Using Abbreviations</span>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<p>Use abbreviations only for temporary variables and internal implementations.</p>
|
||
<p>Abbreviations should be well-established, include key syllables of the original word, and be immediately recognizable.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code translate="no" v-pre>context</code> -> <code translate="no" v-pre>ctx</code> (✔)</li>
|
||
<li><code translate="no" v-pre>temporary</code> -> <code translate="no" v-pre>tmp</code> (✔)</li>
|
||
<li><code translate="no" v-pre>distribution</code> -> <code translate="no" v-pre>dist</code> (✔)</li>
|
||
<li><code translate="no" v-pre>visited</code> -> <code translate="no" v-pre>vis</code> (<span class="docs-emoji">❌</span>)</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
|
||
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python"># Incorrect: Using abbreviations in public function parameters
|
||
def some_pub_fn(ctx, req_id, data):
|
||
pass
|
||
|
||
# Correct
|
||
def some_public_function(context, request_id, data):
|
||
pass</code></pre>
|
||
</doc-codeblock></div>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="using-precise-terminology">
|
||
<h3>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#using-precise-terminology">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Using Precise Terminology</span>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<p>Naming should convey precise meanings, especially when multiple synonyms exist.</p>
|
||
<p>For example, <code translate="no" v-pre>count</code>, <code translate="no" v-pre>size</code>, and <code translate="no" v-pre>length</code> all relate to quantity, but they have different nuances:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code translate="no" v-pre>count</code>: Represents a counted value</li>
|
||
<li><code translate="no" v-pre>length</code>: Represents the number of elements in a container</li>
|
||
<li><code translate="no" v-pre>size</code>: Represents the byte size of an object</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
|
||
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python">s = 'aaabc⭐'
|
||
count = s.count('a')
|
||
length = len(s)
|
||
size = len(s.encode())
|
||
|
||
print(f"{s!r} has a length of {length}, a size of {size} bytes, and contains {count} occurrences of 'a'")
|
||
# 'aaabc⭐' has a length of 6, a size of 8 bytes, and contains 3 occurrences of 'a'</code></pre>
|
||
</doc-codeblock></div>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="using-professional-terminology">
|
||
<h3>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#using-professional-terminology">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Using Professional Terminology</span>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>For item quantities in a game: <code translate="no" v-pre>quantity</code> is better than <code translate="no" v-pre>item_count</code></li>
|
||
<li>For grid counts: <code translate="no" v-pre>area</code> (meaning surface area) is better than <code translate="no" v-pre>grid_count</code></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="avoiding-built-in-names">
|
||
<h3>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#avoiding-built-in-names">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Avoiding Built-in Names</span>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<div class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
|
||
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python"># Incorrect: Overwriting `builtins.map`
|
||
map = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
|
||
# Incorrect: Overwriting `builtins.type`
|
||
type = some_thing.type</code></pre>
|
||
</doc-codeblock></div>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="internal-functions-and-classes">
|
||
<h3>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#internal-functions-and-classes">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Internal Functions and Classes</span>
|
||
</h3>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<p>Use a single underscore <code translate="no" v-pre>_</code> as a prefix for internal functions. Never use a double underscore <code translate="no" v-pre>__</code> (except for magic methods).</p>
|
||
<div class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
|
||
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python">def _internal_func():
|
||
"""This is an internal function."""
|
||
|
||
class _InternalClass:
|
||
def _internal_f(self): pass</code></pre>
|
||
</doc-codeblock></div>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="importing-modules">
|
||
<h2>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#importing-modules">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Importing Modules</span>
|
||
</h2>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li>Import standard library modules first.</li>
|
||
<li>Then import third-party dependencies.</li>
|
||
<li>Finally, import project-specific modules.</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<div class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
|
||
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python">from typing import Any
|
||
from collections import deque
|
||
|
||
from array2d import array2d
|
||
|
||
from ..utils import logger</code></pre>
|
||
</doc-codeblock></div>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="coding-practices">
|
||
<h2>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#coding-practices">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>Coding Practices</span>
|
||
</h2>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<p>Use <code translate="no" v-pre>is not</code> when checking for <code translate="no" v-pre>None</code>. Do not explicitly compare with <code translate="no" v-pre>True</code> or <code translate="no" v-pre>False</code>.</p>
|
||
<div class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
|
||
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python"># Correct
|
||
if x is not None: pass
|
||
|
||
# Incorrect
|
||
if x != None: pass
|
||
|
||
# Correct
|
||
x = True
|
||
if x: pass
|
||
if not x: pass
|
||
|
||
# Incorrect
|
||
if x == True: pass
|
||
if x is True: pass
|
||
if x != False: pass</code></pre>
|
||
</doc-codeblock></div>
|
||
<p>The <code translate="no" v-pre>if</code> statement implicitly calls <code translate="no" v-pre>bool()</code>, so it can be used to check if a container is empty.</p>
|
||
<div class="codeblock-wrapper"><doc-codeblock>
|
||
<pre translate="no" class="language-python"><code v-pre class="language-python">not_empty_list = [1]
|
||
not_empty_string = '1'
|
||
truth = True
|
||
|
||
if not_empty_list:
|
||
print('true value')
|
||
|
||
if not_empty_string:
|
||
print('true value')
|
||
|
||
if truth:
|
||
print('true value')
|
||
|
||
# Explicitly checking for emptiness is also valid
|
||
if len(not_empty_list) > 0: pass</code></pre>
|
||
</doc-codeblock></div>
|
||
<doc-anchor-target id="references">
|
||
<h2>
|
||
<doc-anchor-trigger class="header-anchor-trigger" to="#references">#</doc-anchor-trigger>
|
||
<span>References</span>
|
||
</h2>
|
||
</doc-anchor-target>
|
||
<p><a href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0008/">PEP 8 – Style Guide for Python Code</a></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- Required only on API pages -->
|
||
<doc-toolbar-member-filter-no-results></doc-toolbar-member-filter-no-results>
|
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|
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<footer id="retype-content-footer" class="clear-both">
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<nav id="retype-nextprev" class="print:hidden flex mt-14">
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|
||
<a class="px-5 py-4 -mx-px h-full flex items-center justify-end break-normal font-medium text-body-link border border-base-border hover:border-base-border-hover rounded-r-lg transition-colors duration-150 relative hover:z-5" href="../performance/">
|
||
<span>
|
||
<span class="block text-xs font-normal text-right text-base-text-muted">Next</span>
|
||
<span class="block mt-1">Performance</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="ml-3" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" overflow="visible"><path d="M19.92 12.38a1 1 0 00-.22-1.09l-7-7a.996.996 0 10-1.41 1.41l5.3 5.3H5c-.55 0-1 .45-1 1s.45 1 1 1h11.59l-5.29 5.29a.996.996 0 000 1.41c.19.2.44.3.7.3s.51-.1.71-.29l7-7c.09-.09.16-.21.21-.33z" /><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" /></svg>
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</a>
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</div>
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||
</nav>
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||
</footer>
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||
</main>
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||
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||
<div id="retype-page-footer" class="print:border-none border-t border-base-border pt-6 mb-8">
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<footer class="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between print:justify-center">
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<div id="retype-footer-links" class="print:hidden">
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||
<ul class="flex flex-wrap items-center text-sm">
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||
</ul>
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||
</div>
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||
<div id="retype-copyright" class="print:justify-center py-2 text-footer-text font-footer-link text-sm leading-relaxed"><p>© Copyright 2026 - <a href="https://github.com/blueloveTH">blueloveTH</a> - All rights reserved.</p></div>
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</footer>
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||
</div>
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</div>
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<!-- Rendered if sidebar right is enabled -->
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<!-- Sidebar right skeleton-->
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||
<div v-cloak class="fixed top-0 bottom-0 right-0 translate-x-full bg-sidebar-right-bg border-sidebar-right-border lg:sticky lg:border-l lg:shrink-0 lg:pt-6 lg:transform-none sm:w-1/2 lg:w-64 lg:z-0 md:w-104 sidebar-right skeleton">
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<div class="pl-5">
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<div class="w-32 h-3 mb-4 bg-skeleton-bg rounded-full loading"></div>
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<div class="w-48 h-3 mb-4 bg-skeleton-bg rounded-full loading"></div>
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<div class="w-40 h-3 mb-4 bg-skeleton-bg rounded-full loading"></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- User should be able to hide sidebar right -->
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<doc-sidebar-right v-cloak></doc-sidebar-right>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<doc-search-mobile></doc-search-mobile>
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<doc-back-to-top></doc-back-to-top>
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||
</div>
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||
<div id="retype-overlay-target"></div>
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<script data-cfasync="false">window.__DOCS__ = { "title": "Coding Style Guide", level: 1, icon: "file", hasPrism: true, hasMermaid: false, hasMath: false, tocDepth: 23 }</script>
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</body>
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</html>
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